Environment @ 59th Session of the UN Human Rights Council

The 59th regular session of the Human Rights Council took place in Geneva from 16 June to 8 July 2025. The Council proceedings can be viewed on UN TV. The meeting summaries are available on the UN Geneva website and the live-updated programme of work on Sched.

Key Highlights @ HRC59

This section provides a brief overview of highlights on the environment and human rights at the fifty-ninth session of the Human Rights Council. (Click to jump to section.)

Climate Change and Human Rights

The promotion and protection of human rights in the context of climate change is the usual main environmental theme of the Council’s June sessions, with the UN Special Rapporteur on climate change and human rights, Elisa Morgera’s, annual report to the Council.

• In this session, her report « The imperative of defossilizing our economies » (A/HRC/59/42), clarifies States’ international human rights obligations and businesses’ responsibilities to phase out fossil fuels and related subsidies within the current decade. « The interlinked, intergenerational, severe and widespread human rights impacts of the fossil fuel life cycle, coupled with six decades of climate obstruction, compel urgent defossilization of our whole economies, for a just transition that is effective, human rights-based and transformative in protecting the climate, nature, water and food on which life and health for present and future generations depend. »
  • Tackled as well in the report are the need to address locking in of economies through plastics and petrochemicals production, tackle climate disinformation and obstruction by the fossil fuel industry, remediate fossil fuel-related harm to transform the economy, and ensure just transition that puts human rights at the center.

Other interlinkages between climate change and human rights remain to be prominent in this session of the Council, including:

• The UN Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights, Olivier De Schutter, in his report, « Weathering the storm: poverty, climate change and social protection » (A/HRC/59/51), argues for a move from an ad hoc humanitarian approach to protecting people in poverty from climate disasters, towards establishing, strengthening and financing rights-based social protection.
• As displacement driven by organized criminal activity often overlaps or interacts with other drivers of forced displacement, including disasters, the adverse effects of climate change, and poor governance, the report (A/HRC/59/46) of the UN Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons, Paula Gaviria Betancur, focused on internal displacement in the context of organized criminal activity.
• The annual panel discussion on the adverse impacts of climate change on human rights took place this session, and focused on facilitating just transitions in the context of addressing adverse impacts of climate change on the full realization of human rights for all people.
• The second edition of the Geneva Rights and Climate Talks also took place in parallel to this Council’s session.

Resolutions adopted:

• A resolution on climate change and human rights, with a focus on climate finance was adopted without a vote. The amendment (A/HRC/59/L.30) that sought to strengthen the language in operative paragraph 6 to: “Call for deep and rapid cuts in global emissions, in line with 1.5 °C pathways – including by transitioning away from fossil fuels in energy systems, in a just, orderly and equitable manner – to avert, minimize and address loss and damage from extreme weather and slow-onset climate events that have an adverse impact on the enjoyment of human rights,” was withdrawn, while an oral revision of the resolution that recognizes the importance of the first global stocktake of COP28 was adopted.
• A resolution renewing the mandate of the UN Special Rapporteur on the rights on internally displaced persons highlighted how the disasters and the adverse effects of climate change, biodiversity loss, pollution, and desertification further drive internal displacement, and calls on States for a human rights-based and gender-responsive approach to disaster risk reduction.
• At the HRC59 side event, “Climate Induced Sea-Level Rise: Safeguarding Human Rights”, H.E. Amb. Ogando Lora announced that the Dominican Republic and Malta will present a resolution on sea level rise at HRC60, highlighting how climate-induced sea-level rise threatens human rights, with entire nations facing the real prospect of becoming uninhabitable. He urged the Council to act with solidarity & determination: “It is not a moral choice, but an urgent necessity.”

At HRC59, UN Special Rapporteur on Climate Change and Human Rights, Elisa Morgera, amplified an urgent, clear message: phasing out fossil fuels within this decade is not optional but a human rights obligation, critical for a liveable, just, and equitable future. Her key messages included:

• Fossil Fuels as Systemic Drivers of Rights Violations | Morgera’s report, “The imperative of defossilizing our economies” (A/HRC/59/42), confirms that the fossil fuel lifecycle drives climate breakdown, toxic pollution, biodiversity loss, and entrenched global inequalities. During her interventions this week, Morgera emphasized that these are not abstract harms:
  • Women, Indigenous Peoples, children, small-scale fishers, and local communities are already bearing the brunt of these impacts, experiencing threats to health, water, food, livelihoods, cultural rights, and lives.
  • Fossil fuels permeate every aspect of daily life, including plastics and petrochemicals, in ways people cannot opt out of, violating the right to live free from foreseeable, preventable harm.
• Defossilization as a Human Rights Imperative | Across the interactive dialogue, annual panel, and side events, Morgera underscored:
  • Defossilization is grounded in existing international human rights obligations, including the rights to life, health, food, water, a clean, healthy, and sustainable environment, and cultural rights.
  • States and corporations must phase out fossil fuel production, cease subsidies, and remedy ongoing and historical harms caused by fossil fuel extraction and use.
  • Investor-State Dispute Settlement (ISDS) regimes obstruct effective climate action, requiring urgent reform to align economic systems with defossilization imperatives.
• Climate Action Cannot Replicate Extractive Injustice | Morgera warned that the rush for critical minerals for energy transitions is reproducing human rights violations, particularly in Indigenous territories, reinforcing the same extractive models driving the climate crisis. She called for:
  • Rights-based, gender-just, and participatory climate action, centering the leadership of women, Indigenous Peoples, youth, and local communities.
  • Ensuring that climate solutions do not further entrench economic or racial injustices, patriarchy, or colonial patterns of extraction.
• Corporate Capture Threatens Climate and Democracy | The Special Rapporteur emphasized the urgent need to “defossilize” information systems, highlighting:
  • Corporate capture of knowledge, science, and democratic debate undermines effective climate action, as highlighted by extensive documentation of the fossil fuel sector’s evolving strategies to keep the public uninformed about the severity of climate change and about the role of fossil fuels in causing it (“the playbook”).
  • States have obligations to protect science, public information, and policymaking spaces from fossil fuel industry interference, ensuring accountability and transparency.
• A Just Transition Depends on Fossil Fuel Phaseout | Morgera made clear: A just, gender-responsive transition is impossible without prioritizing fossil fuel phaseout. Climate action must address systemic fossil fuel dependency, including its links to plastics and petrochemicals, while protecting human rights. “Priority, comprehensive, coherent action on the fossil fuel phaseout within this decade is necessary to ensure a liveable future for all, as an urgent precondition for a just transition and effective human rights protection in the context of current planetary crises.”

Rights to Water and Sanitation

• In light of the upcoming 2026 United Nations Water Conference, in this session, the Human Rights Council held a panel discussion on the realization of the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation, with a particular focus on mainstreaming the human rights of safe drinking water and sanitation into the upcoming Conference, taking place in United Arab Emirates from 2 to 4 December 2026.

Rights of Indigenous Peoples and the Environment

• The report of the Independent Expert on human rights and international solidarity, Cecilia M. Bailliet, (A/HRC/59/40) aimed to understand Indigenous concepts and practices of solidarity and to what extent they enjoy the right to express solidarity with other tribes and groups, as well as with the environment.

Protecting Environmental Human Rights Defenders & Civic Space

Various resolutions that address the environment were adopted at this session of the Council including:

• Resolution on the safety of journalists, tabled by Austria with Brazil, France, Greece, Morocco, Qatar and Tunisia, that aims to address growing threats and build on growing work on freedom of expression
• Resolution on civil society space, tabled by Ireland with Chile, Japan, Sierra Leone and Tunisia, that focused on ensuring an enabling environment for civil society to operate freely and participation

Other Matters

• Pursuant to the President’s statement OS/18/1 on « Efficiency of the Human Rights Council: addressing financial and time constraints », no general debates were held at HRC59. Reports and oral updates will be considered during the relevant general debate at the sixtieth session (HRC60), unless they are mandated to be considered in the context of an interactive dialogue.

Opening and Annual Report by the High Commissioner

The 59th session of the Human Rights Council kicks off its four-week session in Geneva with the annual report of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, Volker Türk, on the global situation on human rights. Providing a reminder of 80 years of the United Nations’ work towards peace and sustainable development, the High Commissioner underscores the advancements the world has achieved including in human rights. However, in the face of increasing conflicts and threats to human rights, he also warns of « dramatic steps » to weaken these.

Climate chaos is raging on. Economic uncertainty is taking root… Behind each crisis, people are suffering. We must never lose sight of this fact.

He also underscores that the 2030 Agenda for sustainable development is slipping out of reach. More than half of low income countries are in or at high risk of debt distress. Many are at the frontlines of climate crisis, and the development finance they desperately need is dwindling as major economies shift their priorities, expand defense budgets and cut development finance. Long term global stability requires a fundamental shift to human rights and sustainable inclusive development, not trade wars or arms races. Human rights point the way.

He shared that funding cuts faced by the Office and the broader human rights office ecosystem offer comfort to dictators and authoritarians, but the vast majority and global security will suffer. He makes clear:

At this testing time, we need governments and societies to stand up for human rights in word and deed.

Highlights

Climate Change and Human Rights

Climate change is one of the greatest existential threats for people and the planet. Its harmful effects undermine the full enjoyment and realization of all human rights, posing a serious risk to the fundamental rights to life, health, food and an adequate standard of living of individuals and communities across the world and disproportionately affecting those who are already in situations of vulnerability. International Geneva as a global hub for environmental governance plays a key role in advancing a human rights-based approach to climate action.

Report | The imperative of defossilizing our economies

The UN Special Rapporteur, Elisa Morgera, in her report to the Human Rights Council, « The imperative of defossilizing our economies » (A/HRC/59/42) clarifies States’ international human rights obligations and businesses’ responsibilities to phase out fossil fuels and related subsidies within the current decade. In her report, the UN Special Rapporteur underscored that « the interlinked, intergenerational, severe and widespread human rights impacts of the fossil fuel life cycle, coupled with six decades of climate obstruction, compel urgent defossilization of our whole economies, for a just transition that is effective, human rights-based and transformative in protecting the climate, nature, water and food on which life and health for present and future generations depend.”

The report outlines the human rights impacts of the fossil fuel life cycle, connecting evidence on the global climate crisis, toxic pollution and biodiversity loss, global plastic pollution and harmful petrochemical production. It underlines that the impacts are intersectoral, underscoring the need to address fossil fuels beyond the energy sector, through system-wide transformation. Main points include:

• The burning of fossil fuels is the main historical and current driver of greenhouse gas emissions. And yet the main cause of climate change continues to rise. The risks of the impacts of climate change on all human rights and their disproportionate impacts on
  individuals and groups in vulnerable situations, have already justified an interpretation of the right to a healthy environment as
  giving rise to an obligation of fossil fuel phaseout, to avoid significant, foreseeable harm to the climate system and to ensure a non-toxic environment, through specific actions concerning land, freshwater and the oceans.
• In addition to climate-related human rights impacts, each stage of the fossil fuel life cycle entails significant and pervasive risks and harm for the rights to life, health and an adequate standard of living and for cultural rights throughout the whole of people’s lives and across different generations. Such harm is due to toxic pollution and biodiversity loss, impacting the right to a healthy environment and further exacerbating climate change impacts, especially as the human rights impacts of the fossil fuel life cycle do not remain localized.
• The increasing production of plastics and petrochemicals is embedding dependence on fossil fuels in our economies within and beyond the energy sector, regardless of continued contributions to climate change and other human rights harm. In addition, plastics and petrochemicals cause their own host of severe human rights impacts, worsening climate change, biodiversity loss and toxic pollution, and thereby compounding negative impacts on the rights to life, health, an adequate standard of living and a healthy environment and on cultural rights.
• The fossil fuel industry has benefited from extremely large profits, while being heavily subsidized. While it is difficult to assess who ultimately benefits from these subsidies, they all contribute to limiting investment in alternative energy sources… Ultimately, the tax burdens of the just transition are placed on low- and middle-income households, while the loss of fiscal revenue and fiscal incentives for the just transition undermines the realization of economic, social and cultural rights, and the right to a healthy environment.
• Extensive research has documented the fossil fuel sector’s evolving strategies to keep the public uninformed about the severity of climate change and about the role of fossil fuels in causing it (“the playbook”). This has undermined the protection of all human rights, including the rights to information, education and science, undermining the exercise of civil and political rights and preventing effective human rights protection that are negatively impacted by climate change, for over six decades.

The report makes clear that « Priority, comprehensive, coherent action on the fossil fuel phaseout within this decade is necessary to ensure a liveable future for all, as an urgent precondition for a just transition and for effective human rights protection in the context of current planetary crises. » Recommendations include defossilizing the economy, reprioritzing energy demands, carefully phasing out fossil fuel subsidies, “defossilizing” information systems, to protect human rights in the formation of public opinion and democratic debate from undue commercial influence, remediating fossil fuel-related harm to transform the economy, advance multilateral reforms, and ensuring business responsibilities.

An interactive dialogue on the report with the Special Rapporteur is took place on 30 June 2025.

Reports on the Special Rapporteur Visit

The Special Rapporteur presented their report on her visit to Vanuatu (A/HRC/59/42/Add.1). An interactive dialogue on the report with the Special Rapporteur took place on 30 June 2025.

Highlights

Annual panel discussion | Adverse impacts of climate change on human rights: Facilitating just transitions in the context of addressing the impacts of climate change on human rights

In its resolution 50/9, the Human Rights Council decided to incorporate into its annual programme of work, beginning in 2023, at a minimum a panel discussion on different specific themes on the adverse impacts of climate change on human rights. In its resolution 56/8, it decided that the annual panel discussion to be held at the fifty-ninth session shall focus on facilitating just transitions in the context of addressing adverse impacts of climate change on the full realization of human rights for all people, and ways forward to address the challenges thereto, as well as on best practices and lessons learned.

The panel discussion took place on 30 June 2025.

Highlights

Report | Weathering the storm: poverty, climate change and social protection

« The world can no longer depend solely on disaster relief to pick up the pieces when extreme weather hits. »

In his report to the Human Rights Council (A/HRC/59/51), the UN Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights, Olivier De Schutter, argues for a move from an ad hoc humanitarian approach to protecting people in poverty from climate disasters, towards establishing, strengthening and financing rights-based social protection. The Special Rapporteur states that social protection is the most effective tool at our disposal for building people’s ability to withstand and recover from shocks, including climate-related shocks, yet the majority of the world’s poor have no access to social security whatsoever, and are left to fend for themselves.

The Special Rapporteur describes climate change as an « unconscionable assault on the poor »: while over half the world’s population is at risk of major disruptions linked to climate change, the risk is unevenly spread: 2.3 billion of those facing such risks are at the $6.85 poverty line, and 390 million live on less than $2.15, falling below the international extreme poverty line. Not only will poor countries face the worst impacts from climate change and not only are low-income households most at risk, they are also the countries and groups that have contributed the least to manufacturing the crisis.

« There is not only a double disproportionality, but also a double injustice. »

In his report, the Special Rapporteur urges governments to take a powerful stand against current attempts to derail the UN Charter-based international order by living up to pledges made to support low-income countries to establish social protection floors. International financial support, from traditional and new financing sources, could be channelled through a Global Fund for Social Protection; a positive incentive for low-income countries to invest in social protection which would in turn protect the most vulnerable from the climate volatility that is in no way of their making.

An interactive dialogue on the report with the Special Rapporteur took place on 25 and 26 June 2025.

Report | Internal displacement in the context of organized criminal activity

The report (A/HRC/59/46) of the UN Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons, Paula Gaviria Betancur, focuses on internal displacement in the context of organized criminal activity, both within and outside armed conflict and encompassing the activities of both organized criminal groups and irregular armed groups engaged in criminal activity as well as responses by the State, the international community, and other relevant duty-bearers, and the impacts thereof on the enjoyment of all human rights by internally displaced persons.

In 2023, a total of 500,000 people worldwide were displaced by crime-related violence. Crime – in particular organized criminal activity – is an increasingly prevalent driver of forced displacement, with crime-related displacement rising by 45% from 2022 to 2023. Organized criminal activity can lead directly to displacement, in contexts where civilians are driven from or prevented from returning to their homes as a result of crime-related violence and/or militarized State responses to criminal activity. Organized criminal groups and networks and/or irregular armed groups engaged in criminal activity may be de facto authorities with an obligation to ensure displaced persons receive protection and assistance, yet often fail to fulfill or intentionally disregard this imperative.

Displacement in contexts of organized criminal activity can occur in several ways. Individuals and families may flee targeted threats or crimes against them or flee an atmosphere of generalized violence resulting from armed confrontations between rival groups engaged in criminal activity, between such groups and the State or during militarized State security operations. Organized criminal activity can intersect with other drivers of displacement: disasters exacerbated by climate change can be profitable for criminal groups.

• Disasters increase competition over dwindling natural resources, leading to intercommunal conflicts that may increase demand for trafficked arms. The loss of natural resources necessary for traditional livelihoods can incentivize those affected to shift to crime as an alternative or seek people-smuggling services in search of economic opportunities. Illegal extraction may increase environmental degradation and loss of natural resources, which can then exacerbate the effects of disasters, climate change and related displacement.
• Organized criminal activity also reduces the ability of affected communities to respond to disasters. Criminal actors may impede mitigation, adaptation and disaster risk reduction measures and prevent affected communities from accessing protection and assistance during disasters. Regarding development-induced displacement, organized criminal groups are often engaged by private actors or the State to force communities from their lands.
• Criminal activity threatens the right to a clean, healthy and sustainable environment. A main revenue stream for groups engaged in criminal activity is illegal extraction, including of minerals, timber and fossil fuels. Criminal actors frequently engage in indiscriminate extraction, without safeguards to prevent environmental degradation due to deforestation, pollution, overconsumption of water or other unsustainable practices. Such environmental degradation not only contributes to climate change, but can amplify the impact of disasters, as natural hazards interacting with degraded environments may lead to larger scale destruction; for example, floods and erosion are more likely to be of greater magnitude in deforested areas. More intense disasters are likely to engender more displacement.
• Peasants and Indigenous Peoples face a heightened risk of expropriation of their lands by groups engaged in criminal activity for use as trafficking routes, to gain control over resources and cultivate illicit crops or for development projects in which those groups have financial interests. Indigenous leaders and organizations, along with social and environmental leaders, human rights defenders and journalists, may be targeted by criminal groups for murder, displacement or intimidation if they oppose the activities of those groups.

Included in the report’s recommendation is effectively addressing internal displacement in the context of organized criminal activity through a whole-of-society and multi-pronged approach that tackles the root causes of violence, criminality and  displacement through long-term structural solutions and that provides protection, assistance, solutions, accountability and remedy to internally displaced persons and other civilians affected by violence and conflict. This includes restoring physical environments affected by organized criminal activity, such as removing explosive remnants of war and reversing environmental degradation from extraction.

An interactive dialogue on the report with the Special Rapporteur took place on 23 June 2025.

Report on the UN Special Rapporteur Visit to the Marshal Islands

The Special Rapporteur presented the report on her visit to Marshall Islands (A/HRC/59/46/Add.1). An interactive dialogue on the report with the Special Rapporteur took place on 23 June 2025.

Highlights

Human Rights to Safe Drinking Water and Sanitation

Water and sanitation are recognized by the United Nations as human rights, reflecting the fundamental nature of these basics in every person’s life. Water access, lack, and related activities are found to have an important gender dimension, with women and girls collectively spending 200 million hours collecting water, which affects their education and working lives as well as their health and safety.

Panel Discussion | Realization of the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation

In pursuance to resolution HRC/RES/57/13, the Human Rights Council decided to convene, at its fifty-ninth session, a panel discussion on the realization of the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation, with a particular focus on mainstreaming the human rights of safe drinking water and sanitation into the upcoming 2026 United Nations Water Conference, and also decides that the discussion shall be fully accessible to persons with disabilities, including through the provision of hybrid modalities.

The panel discussion took place on 26 June 2025.

Highlights

Rights of Indigenous Peoples and the Environment

Protecting 80% of the world’s biodiversity, Indigenous Peoples are inheritors and practitioners of unique cultures and ways of relating to people and the environment. However, as they face discrimination due to their culture or attacked as they defend their rights, protecting their human rights is an indispensable element in protecting the environment.

Indigenous Peoples and International Solidarity

Over recent decades, the rights of Indigenous Peoples have become a significant element of international law and policy. The coming together in solidarity with Indigenous Peoples, by civil society, international mechanisms and States at the domestic, regional and international levels, led to the adoption of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, by the UN General Assembly in 2007. While the Declaration is not a formally binding treaty, it contains rights and freedoms, such as self-determination and non-discrimination, set out in binding international human rights treaty law, of which some may be considered customary international law. Despite the adoption of the afore-mentioned Declaration, Indigenous Peoples around the World, continue to be subjected to human rights violations, ranging from displacement and dispossession of their lands, territories and resources, often as a result of activities related to the extraction industry. Women and children are disproportionately impacted in such cases.

Presented at HRC59, the report of the Independent Expert on human rights and international solidarity, Cecilia M. Bailliet, (A/HRC/59/40) aimed to understand Indigenous concepts and practices of solidarity and to what extent they enjoy the right to express solidarity with other tribes and groups, as well as with the environment. It also sought to highlight examples of good practice in this regard.

An interactive dialogue on the report with the Independent Expert took place on 23 and 24 June 2025.

Highlights

Events

Date and time of some events subject to change on the live-updated programme of work on Sched.

Deadline for side events applications (NGOs)

19 August 2025 | 12:00 CEST

NGO Registration

HRC59 Info-Sharing Session | Human Rights and the Environment

27 May 2025 | 10:00 – 11:00 CEST | IEH1, Room 3 & Online, Webex

Organizational meeting for the 59th session of the Human Rights Council

2 June 2025 | 15:00 – 18:00 CEST | Palais des Nations, Room XX & Online

Inscription on the lists of speakers | NGOs

10 June 2025 | 14:00 CEST

Opening of the session and Annual report by the High Commissioner

16 June 2025 | 10:00 – 10:45 CEST | Palais des Nations, Room XX & Online

Informal consultations on the draft resolution on the civil society space

16 June 2025 | 15:00 – 16:30 CEST | Palais des Nations, Room XXIV & Online

Ireland, Chile, Japan, Sierra Leone and Tunisia

Informal consultations on the draft resolution on human rights and climate change

17 June 2025 | 16:30 – 17:00 CEST | Palais des Nations, Room VII

Bangladesh, Philippines and Viet Nam

Informal consultations on the draft resolution on the civil society space

17 June 2025 | 16:30 – 17:00 CEST | Palais des Nations, Room XXIV & Online

Ireland, Chile, Japan, Sierra Leone and Tunisia

Informal consultations on the draft resolution on the safety of journalists

17 June 2025 | 16:30 – 17:00 CEST | Palais des Nations, Room XXVII

Austria, Brazil, France, Greece, Morocco, Qatar and Tunisia

Informal consultations on the draft resolution on the civil society space

19 June 2025 | 9:00 – 10:30 CEST | Palais des Nations, Room XXIV & Online

Ireland, Chile, Japan, Sierra Leone and Tunisia

No one left adrift: Seafarers at the cross currents of commerce, conflict, and change | HRC59 Side Event

19 June 2025 | 14:00 – 15:00 CEST | Palais des Nations, Room XXVII & Online

Philippines

Informal consultations on the draft resolution on human rights and climate change

20 June 2025 | 9:00 – 10:30 CEST | Palais des Nations, Room XXVII

Bangladesh, Philippines and Viet Nam

Informal consultations on the draft resolution on human rights and climate change

20 June 2025 | 16:30 – 18:00 CEST | Palais des Nations, Room XXIV

Bangladesh, Philippines and Viet Nam

Interactive Dialogue with SR on internally displaced persons

20 & 23 June 2025 | 10:00 CEST onwards | Palais des Nations, Room XX & Online

Informal consultations on the draft resolution on human rights and climate change

23 June 2025 | 10:30 – 12:00 CEST | Palais des Nations, Room XXVII

Bangladesh, Philippines and Viet Nam

The Evolving Agenda of Health Rights: Challenges, Innovations, and the Role of the HRC | HRC59 Side Event

23 June 2025 | 12:00 – 13:00 CEST | Palais des Nations, Room XXVII

South Centre

Protection of People on the Move in the Americas | HRC59 Side Event

23 June 2025 | 14:00 – 15:00 CEST | Palais des Nations, Room XXV

Franciscans International

Informal consultations on the draft resolution on human rights and climate change

23 June 2025 | 16:30 – 18:00 CEST | Palais des Nations, Room XXIV

Bangladesh, Philippines and Viet Nam

Interactive Dialogue with IE on international solidarity

23 June 2025 | 17:30 CEST onwards | Palais des Nations, Room XX & Online

Informal consultations on the draft resolution on the safety of journalists

24 June 2025 | 10:30 – 12:00 CEST | Palais des Nations, Room XXIV

Austria, Brazil, France, Greece, Morocco, Qatar and Tunisia

Informal consultations on the draft resolution on human rights and climate change

25 June 2025 | 9:00 – 10:30 CEST | Palais des Nations, Room XXIV

Bangladesh, Philippines and Viet Nam

Informal consultations on the draft resolution on human rights and climate change

25 June 2025 | 12:00 – 13:30 CEST | Palais des Nations, Room XXI

Bangladesh, Philippines and Viet Nam

Informal consultations on the draft resolution on the civil society space

25 June 2025 | 16:30 – 18:00 CEST | Palais des Nations, Room XXIV & Online

Ireland, Chile, Japan, Sierra Leone and Tunisia

Interactive Dialogue with SR on extreme poverty

25 June 2025 | 17:15 onwards CEST | Palais des Nations, Room XX & Online

Panel discussion on the realization of the human rights to safe drinking water and sanitation

26 June 2025 | 10:00 – 12:00 CEST | Palais des Nations, Room XX & Online

Protection of Internally Displaced Persons in the Context of Organized Criminal Activity | HRC59 Side Event

26 June 2025 | 12:00 – 13:00 CEST | Palais des Nations, Room XXIV

Austria

Voices from Civil Society: Expectations for the 2026 UN Water Conference | HRC59 Side Event

26 June 2025 | 14:00 – 15:00 CEST | Palais des Nations, Room XXIV & Online

Germany, Spain and Human Right 2 Water

Draft Proposals | Submission Deadline

27 June 2025 | 13:00 CEST

Annual panel discussion on the adverse impacts of climate change on human rights

30 June 2025 | 10:00 – 12:00 CEST | Palais des Nations, Room XX & Online

Interactive Dialogue with SR climate change

30 June 2025 | 12:00 CEST onwards | Palais des Nations, Room XX & Online

Curriculum for Climate - Greening Education at Scale | HRC59 Side Event

30 June 2025 | 13:00 – 14:00 CEST | Palais des Nations, Room XXIV

UNESCO-IBE, Slovenia & SR climate change

Rights of Internally Displaced Persons in the Context of Nuclear Weapons | HRC59 Side Event

30 June 2025 | 14:00 – 15:00 CEST | Palais des Nations, Room XXV

Human Rights Now

Redistributing Land, Restoring Rights: Tackling Land Inequality to Overcome Global Crises | HRC59 Side Event

30 June 2025 | 16:00 – 17:00 CEST | Palais des Nations, Room XXV

FIAN International

Just Transition and Human Rights | Reducing Dependence on New Mineral Resource Extraction | HRC59 Side Event

1 July 2025 | 13:00 – 14:00 CEST | Palais des Nations, Room XXV

Earthjustice, Geneva Environment Network, Geneva Climate Change Consultation Group

Climate Induced Sea-Level Rise: Safeguarding human rights | HRC59 Side Event

1 July 2025 | 14:00 – 15:00 CEST | Palais des Nations, Room XXIV

Malta & Dominican Republic

The Human Rights Imperative of Phasing out Fossil Fuels International Cooperation for Defossilisation | HRC59 Side Event

2 July 2025 | 12:00 – 13:00 CEST | Palais des Nations, Room XXIV

SR climate change & EU

Environmental Rights Protection in the Context of Climate Change | HRC59 Side Event

2 July 2025 | 12:00 – 13:00 CEST | Palais des Nations, Room XXV

China Foundation for Human Rights Development

Fossil Fuel-Based Economy and Human Rights: State Obligations to Protect and Preserve the Environment | HRC59 Side Event

2 July 2025 | 14:00 – 15:00 CEST | Palais des Nations, Room XXV

CIEL

Panel discussion on food system transformation for climate change adaptation and ensuring the right to food: sharing experiences and best practices | HRC59 Side Event

3 July 2025 | 13:00 – 14:00 CEST | Palais des Nations, Room XXVII

Viet Nam

The Right to Science Under Threat | Geneva Rights and Climate Talks

3 July 2025 | 14:00–15:00 CEST
Palais des Nations, Room H.307.2

Earthjustice, Geneva Environment Network, Geneva Climate Change Consultation Group

NGOs Meeting with the Special Rapporteur on Environmental Defenders under the Aahrus Convention

4 July 2025 | 8:30 – 9:30 CEST | Palais des Nations, Room H.307.1

Climate Defenders’ Right to Participate in Climate Action | Geneva Rights and Climate Talks & Roadmap 40/11

4 July 2025 | 12:30–13:30 CEST 
Palais des Nations, Room H.307.1

Earthjustice, Geneva Environment Network, Geneva Climate Change Consultation Group, Geneva Roadmap 40/11 for Environmental Human Rights Defenders

The Right to Break Free from the Carbon Lock-in of Plastics | Geneva Rights and Climate Talks & Beat Plastic Pollution Dialogues

4 July 2025 | 14:00–15:00 CEST
Palais des Nations, Room H.307.1

Geneva Environment Network, Earthjustice, Geneva Climate Change Consultation Group

Decisions and Conclusions

4 – 8 July 2024 | Palais des Nations, Room XX

Reports

Reports to be presented at HRC59 relating to the global environmental agenda are listed below. The full list of reports can be consulted on the HRC website.

• A/HRC/59/20 (advanced English version) | Annual report of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
  • In its conclusion, the report highlighted that during the reporting period, the global human rights landscape was marked by intensifying conflicts, escalating climate impacts and deepening inequalities that have severely undermined human rights. It also remarked that « many developing countries, burdened by unsustainable debt, struggle to invest in health, education and an adequate standard of living. Economic systems are failing to deliver on economic, social, cultural, civil and political rights, including the right to development and the right to a clean, healthy and sustainable environment. »
• A/HRC/59/32 (advanced English version) | The practical application of the Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights to the activities of technology companies, including activities related to artificial intelligence | Report of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
• A/HRC/59/34 | Panel discussion on the rights of Indigenous Peoples | Report of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
• A/HRC/59/35 | Discussions and outcomes of the two intersessional meetings on concrete ways to enhance the participation of Indigenous Peoples in the work of the Human Rights Council | Joint report of the co-facilitators and the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
• A/HRC/59/36 | Implementation and enhancement of international cooperation in the field of human rights | Report of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
  • Prepared with a view to making a human rights-based contribution to the Fourth International Conference on Financing for Development, the report contains an overview of the work of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights relating to financing for development in the context of the implementation and enhancement of international cooperation in the field of human rights. The report clearly integrates the human rights economy as a concept that calls for a profound transformation of the economic system to ensure that economic and social policies – from taxation and public spending to climate action and a just transition – focus on advancing human rights.
• A/HRC/59/40 (advanced English version) | International solidarity and Indigenous Peoples | Report of the Independent Expert on human rights and international solidarity
• A/HRC/59/42 | The imperative of defossilizing our economies | Report of the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of human rights in the context of climate change
  • The report clarifies States’ international human rights obligations and businesses’ responsibilities to phase out fossil fuels and related subsidies within the current decade. “The interlinked, intergenerational, severe and widespread human rights impacts of the fossil fuel life cycle, coupled with six decades of climate obstruction, compel urgent defossilization of our whole economies, for a just transition that is effective, human rights-based and transformative in protecting the climate, nature, water and food on which life and health for present and future generations depend.”
• A/HRC/59/42/Add.1 | Visit to Vanuatu | Report of the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of human rights in the context of climate change
• A/HRC/59/46 (advanced English version) | Internal displacement in the context of generalized violence | Report of the Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
• A/HRC/59/46/Add.1 (advanced English version) | Visit to the Marshall Islands | Report of the Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons
• A/HRC/59/51 | Weathering the storm: poverty, climate change and social protection | Report of the Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights
  • The report argues for a move from an ad hoc humanitarian approach to protecting people in poverty from climate disasters, towards establishing, strengthening and financing rights-based social protection.
• A/HRC/59/51/Add.1 | Visit to Colombia | Report of the Special Rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights
• A/HRC/59/60 | Thirteenth session of the Forum on Business and Human Rights | Report of the Working Group on the issue of human rights and transnational corporations and other business enterprises

Resolutions and Decisions

Resolutions and decisions (found on the HRC59 website) relating to the global environmental agenda tabled or adopted by their main sponsors at HRC59 and their subsequent decisions are listed below. A summary of actions on the resolutions will be provided by the Geneva Centre for Human Rights Advancement and Global Dialogue.

In this session, various resolutions that address the environment are were tabled at this session of the Council including:

• A/HRC/RES/59/3 | Enhancement of international cooperation in the field of human rights | Adopted without a vote | Uganda, on behalf of the Movement of Non-Aligned Countries
  • Urges States to take, upon request by affected States, the measures necessary to enhance bilateral, regional and international cooperation aimed at addressing the adverse impact of consecutive and compounded global crises, such as health crises, financial and economic crises, food crises, climate change and natural disasters, and refugee and internal displacement crises, on the full enjoyment of human rights;

• A/HRC/RES/59/8 | Human rights and international solidarity | Adopted by a recorded vote 27-16-4 | Algeria, Belarus, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), China, Cuba, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Russian Federation, State of Palestine and Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
  • • Mindful of the fact that, while globalization opens up new opportunities for growth and development, it also presents challenges, including growing inequality, widespread poverty, unemployment, social disintegration and environmental risks, that demand increased coordination and collective decision-making at the global level
    • Resolved to strive to ensure that present generations are fully aware of their responsibilities towards future ones, and that a better world is possible in which future generations can enjoy an environment that assures their health and well-being
    • Recognizes that international solidarity is a powerful tool for addressing the structural causes of extreme poverty, food insecurity, climate change, pandemics, inequality, migration, racism, violence against women and girls and other global challenges
    • Requests the Independent Expert to continue to participate in relevant international forums and major events with a view to promoting the importance of international solidarity in the realization of all human rights, including the right to development and the achievement of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, especially those goals relating to economic, social and climate issues, and invites Member States, international organizations, United Nations agencies and other relevant organizations to facilitate the meaningful participation of the Independent Expert in those international forums and major events
    • Reiterates its request to the Independent Expert to take into account the outcomes of all major United Nations and other global summits and ministerial meetings in the economic, social and climate fields and to continue to seek views and contributions from Governments, United Nations agencies, other relevant international organizations and nongovernmental organizations in the discharge of her mandate

• A/HRC/RES/59/10 | Civil society space | Adopted without a vote | Albania, Andorra, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Ecuador, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Marshall Islands, Montenegro, Netherlands (Kingdom of the), New Zealand, North Macedonia, Norway, Paraguay, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tunisia, Ukraine and United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
  • Urges States to create and maintain a safe and enabling environment, online and offline, in which civil society can operate independently and free from hindrance, insecurity and reprisals
  • Encourages States and regional and international organizations to put in place transparent, fair and gender-responsive accreditation processes that deliver prompt decisions, respect human rights and safeguard the meaningful, safe, diverse and inclusive participation of civil society, including by establishing grievance mechanisms for redress, and to address any erroneous accreditation decisions

• A/HRC/RES/59/12 | Mandate of Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons | Adopted without a vote | Albania, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bulgaria, Colombia, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Estonia, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Honduras, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Mexico, Monaco, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Paraguay, Portugal, Romania, Samoa, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Uganda, Ukraine and United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
  • Deeply disturbed by the alarmingly large number of internally displaced persons throughout the world for reasons including… disasters and the adverse effects of climate change, biodiversity loss, pollution, desertification, and increasingly in situations where those elements interact, who receive inadequate protection and assistance and have no access to durable solutions, and conscious of the serious challenges that this is creating for the people affected, including host communities, for States and for the international community
  • Recognizing also that the increased frequency and scale of disasters, and climate change, as drivers of disaster risk, and their adverse effects, as contributors to environmental degradation and extreme weather events, already contribute, among other factors, to internal displacement and additional pressure on internally displaced persons and host communities, and noting the risks that internally displaced persons may face when their host communities are affected by disasters
  • Expresses concern at the internal displacement caused by sudden and slow onset disasters, which has a disproportionate impact on developing countries with high exposure to natural hazards, high population density in areas with non-resilient infrastructure and limited capacity to reduce disaster risk, exacerbated by the adverse effects of climate change, biodiversity loss, pollution, desertification, poverty and other factors that are expected to continue to increase displacement, undermine development and affect the enjoyment of human rights owing to more frequent and severe disasters
  • Recognizes the need for a human rights-based and gender-responsive approach to disaster risk reduction, early warning, disaster contingency planning, disaster management, mitigation and adaptation, and recovery efforts, to prevent, reduce and address disaster displacement, to better protect and meet the needs of affected persons, and to find durable solutions, and recalls the relevant provisions of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Paris Agreement in this regard, in particular the recommendations of the task force on displacement of the Warsaw International Mechanism for Loss and Damage associated with Climate Change Impacts
  • Calls upon States… to provide durable solutions in accordance with the Framework on Durable Solutions for Internally Displaced Persons and by supporting the implementation of the Secretary-General’s Action Agenda on Internal Displacement, and encourages strengthened international cooperation, including through the provision of resources and expertise to assist affected countries, in particular developing countries, in their efforts and policies relating to prevention, assistance, protection, rehabilitation, durable solutions, including disaster risk reduction, climate change mitigation and adaptation, and development assistance for internally displaced persons and their host communities
  • Decides to extend the mandate of Special Rapporteur on the human rights of internally displaced persons for a period of three years… To work towards strengthening the international response to the complex problem of internal displacement in the context of often multiple interacting drivers, including… the adverse effects of climate change and disasters

• A/HRC/RES/59/15 | Safety of journalists | Adopted without a vote | Albania, Andorra, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Ecuador, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Mexico, Monaco, Montenegro, Morocco, Netherlands (Kingdom of the), North Macedonia, Norway, Paraguay, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tunisia and Ukraine
  • Calls upon States… To take measures to protect journalists and media workers from strategic lawsuits against public participation, and from misuse notably of financial, defamation or libel laws to pressure, silence or intimidate journalists, and, where appropriate, to adopt laws and policies that prevent, disincentivize and/or alleviate such cases, including by ensuring early dismissal of unfounded proceedings, remedies for victims of abusive lawsuits and appropriate penalties against those who brought cases found to be abusive, upholding the protection and defence of public interest, ending “forum-shopping” and providing legal support to victims, in addition to training prosecutors, judges, lawyers and forensic professionals in recognizing and dealing with such cases

• A/HRC/RES/59/19 | The contribution of development to the enjoyment of all human rights | Adopted without a vote | Belarus, Burundi, Cameroon, China, Cuba, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Pakistan and Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
  • Affirming the commitments to end poverty and hunger, in all their forms and dimensions, and noting that a clean, healthy and sustainable environment is important for sustainable development in all its dimensions, and that the well-being of humanity depends on nature,
  • Noting the concept of human rights economy proposed by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights as a tool of an approach based on full respect for human rights to reduce inequalities and realize the 2030 Agenda, which seeks to redress root causes and the structural barriers to equality, justice and sustainability, placing emphasis on inclusive participation and social dialogue, including the delivery of better results for people and the planet, grounded in economic, civil, political, social, cultural and environmental rights.

• A/HRC/RES/59/21 | The Social Forum | Adopted without a vote | Algeria, Belarus, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), China, Cuba, Cyprus, Ecuador, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Greece, Indonesia, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Mexico, Paraguay, Portugal, Spain, State of Palestine and Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
  • Decides that the Social Forum will meet for two working days in 2026, in Geneva, on dates suitable for the participation of representatives of States Members and observers of the United Nations and of the broadest possible range of other relevant stakeholders, especially from developing countries, and also decides that the 2026 Social Forum should be focused on the contribution of international cooperation and solidarity, including South-South cooperation, to the realization of the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health
  • Also decides that the Social Forum will be open to other non-governmental organizations whose aims and purposes are in conformity with the spirit, purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, including newly emerging actors, such as small groups and rural and urban associations from the global North and South, anti-poverty groups, peasants’ and farmers’ organizations and their national and international associations, voluntary organizations, environmental organizations and activists, youth associations, community organizations, trade unions and associations of workers, and representatives of the private sector

•  A/HRC/RES/59/25 | Human rights and climate change | Adopted without a vote | Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Philippines, Samoa and Viet Nam
  • Acknowledging that climate finance is a tool for addressing climate change in line with the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Paris Agreement and that it is also important for the enjoyment of human rights by all
  • Acknowledging also that significant gaps in climate financing remain in addressing adaptation challenges and in responding to the increased scale and frequency of loss and damage and the associated economic and non-economic losses caused by the adverse impacts of climate change
  • Reaffirming that the mobilization, management and disbursement of climate finance should be guided by the principles of solidarity, climate justice, equitable access, transparency, adequacy, and common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities, and recognizing the significance of the advisory proceedings before the International Court of Justice on the obligations of States in respect of climate change
  • Welcoming the decisions adopted at the twenty-ninth session of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, held in Baku, reaffirming that their effective and robust implementation, particularly with regard to the new collective quantified goal on climate finance, is essential for advancing global climate objectives and achieving a just transition, through adequate adaptation efforts and mitigation measures in developing countries, and welcoming the decision to launch the “Baku to Belém Roadmap to 1.3T”
  • Recognizing that stringent conditions, high transaction costs, complex reporting and lengthy approval processes of climate funds are causing serious obstacles in accessing the various climate funds and thus undermining the effectiveness of climate finance by delaying critical adaptation measures in climate vulnerable countries
  • Taking note of the study of the International Labour Organization on a global fund for social protection, which recommends making climate finance available for social protection systems and developing climate adaptation-orientated social protection systems
  • (6bis.) Further recognizes the importance of the first global stocktake of COP28 including Decision 1/ CMA.5 and calls on countries to contribute to the global efforts as outlined in paragraph 28, subparagraph (a) to (h) of Decision 1/CMA.5 in line with 1.5°C pathways, in a nationally determined manner, taking into account the Paris Agreement and and their different national circumstances, pathways and approaches, stressing the importance of reflecting equity and the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities in the light of different national circumstances.
  • Urges States to take effective measures to fulfil at least the new collective quantified goal on climate finance, adopted at the twenty-ninth session of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, held in Baku, while making additional efforts to assist developing countries in their adaptation and mitigation initiatives, including in the pursuit of fair, equitable, inclusive and sustainable just transition pathways from a high-carbon economy to a low-carbon economy
  • Calls upon States and all relevant stakeholders, with developed countries taking the lead, to promote equitable access to finance and resources for enhancing the adaptive capacities of the most affected communities, in accordance with the principles of equity, climate justice and the right to development by delivering on climate finance commitments and supporting loss and damage mechanisms
  • A/HRC/59/L.30 | Amendment to A/HRC/59/L.17 | Withdrawn | Marshall Islands
    • The Marshall Islands has proposed an amendment (A/HRC/59/L.30) to the resolution on human rights and climate change (A/HRC/59/L.17). Sponsored by Colombia and open to sponsorship, the amendment seeks to strengthen the language in operative paragraph 6 to: “Call for deep and rapid cuts in global emissions, in line with 1.5 °C pathways – including by transitioning away from fossil fuels in energy systems, in a just, orderly and equitable manner – to avert, minimize and address loss and damage from extreme weather and slow-onset climate events that have an adverse impact on the enjoyment of human rights.”

Call for Submissions

Special Procedures

The special procedure mandate-holders are independent human rights experts who help advance human rights, by reporting and advancing from a country-specific or thematic perspective, some of which are related to the environment. Calls for submissions are made to help mandate-holders prepare their reports to the Human Rights Council.

Videos and Highlights

Videos and highlights of related events are featured in this section.

23 June 2025 | Protection of People on the Move in the Americas

26 June | Protection of Internally Displaced Persons in the Context of Organized Criminal Activity 

26 June | Voices from Civil: Expectations for the 2026 UN Water Conference

30 June 2025 | Curriculum for Climate – Greening Education at Scale 

30 June 2025 | Redistributing Land, Restoring Rights: Tackling Land Inequality to Overcome Global Crises | HRC59 Side Event

1 July 2025 | Just Transition and Human Rights | Reducing Dependence on New Mineral Resource Extraction

1 July 2025 | Climate Induced Sea-Level Rise: Safeguarding human rights 

2 July 2025 | The Human Rights Imperative of Phasing out Fossil Fuels – International Cooperation for Defossilisation

2 July 2025 | Fossil Fuel-Based Economy and Human Rights: State Obligations to Protect and Preserve the Environment

3 July 2025 | The Right to Science Under Threat | Geneva Rights and Climate Talks

4 July | Climate Defenders’ Right to Participate in Climate Action | Geneva Rights and Climate Talks & Roadmap 40/11

4 July | The Right to Break Free from the Carbon Lock-in of Plastics | Geneva Rights and Climate Talks & Beat Plastic Pollution Dialogues

Links and Resources

• 59th session of the UN Human Rights Council
• UNOG Library | Conference Primer – HRC59
• GCHRAGD | Updates on HRC59
• ISHR | HRC59 | Key issues on agenda
• URG | Inside Track: HRC59
• GEN | Human Rights and the Environment

News and Updates

Relevant news and updates are featured in this section.

Past HRC Sessions

Environment @ HRC58 | Environment @ HRC57 | Environment @ HRC56 | Environment @ HRC55 | Environment @ HRC54 | Environment @ HRC53 | Environment @ HRC52 | Environment @ HRC51 | Environment @ HRC50 | Environment @ HRC49 | Environment @ HRC48 | Environment @ HRC47 | Environment @ HRC46 | Environment @ HRC45 | Environment @ HRC44 | Environment @ HRC43

Who to Follow on X

#HRC59

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@swiss_un | Permanent Mission of Switzerland to the United Nations Office and other international organizations in Geneva, President of the Human Rights Council in 2025
@SwissAmbUN_GVA | H.E. Amb. Jürg Lauber, Permanent Representative of Switzerland to the United Nations Office and other international organizations in Geneva, President of the Human Rights Council in 2025
@BDPM_Geneva | Permanent Mission of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh to the United Nations Office and other international organizations in Geneva
@TareqMdArifulI1 | H.E. Amb. Tareq Md. Ariful Islam, Permanent Representative of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh to the United Nations Office and other international organizations in Geneva, Vice-President of the Human Rights Council in 2025
@UNHumanRights | The Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (UN Human Rights)
@volker_turk | UN High Commissioner for Human Rights
@NadaNashif | United Nations Deputy High Commissioner for Human Rights
@SREnvironment | Astrid Puentes Riaño, SR on the right to a clean, healthy, and sustainable environment (also @astridpuentes)
@SRclimatechange | Elisa Morgera, SR on the promotion and protection of human rights in the context of climate change
@SRtoxics | Marcos Orellana, SR on toxics and human rights
@RelatorDd | José Francisco Calí Tzay, SR indigenous peoples
@SRWatSan | Pedro Arrojo Agudo, SR on rights to water and sanitation
@MichaelFakhri | Michael Fakhri, SR on right to food
@AXanthaki | Alexandra Xanthaki, SR on cultural rights
@SRpoverty | Olivier De Schutter, SR on poverty and human rights (also @DeSchutterO)
@ISHRglobal | The International Service for Human Rights
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@Geneva_Academy | Geneva Academy of International Humanitarian Law and Human Rights
@hrw | Human Rights Watch
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@YvesLador | Special Representative of Earthjustice in Geneva
@duycks | Senior Attorney – Climate and Energy Programme at the Center for International Environmental Law
@katha_nina | Katharina Rall, Senior Environment Researcher at Human Rights Watch
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@CERI_Coalition | Children’s Environmental Rights Initiative (CERI)
@CRINwire | Child Rights International Network